It gives more control over uptime without sacrificing security or stability. The definitive CVE database is maintained by the Mitre Corporation, an element of the United States Government, and is intended to be inclusive of all products and projects where a given vulnerability exists. Additionally, Red Hat security engineers are responsible for ensuring that Red Hat Enterprise Linux and other offerings are certified and comply with key government and commercial security standards.
Because Red Hat Enterprise Linux is based on these upstream projects, your organizations can help influence the components incorporated into Red Hat Enterprise Linux and help power our roadmap. The subscription ensures that you can see the entire product process, from upstream through a three-year product roadmap. This makes it easier for your business to plan your own life cycle. Additionally, the subscription provides operational transparency with visibility and predictability in our Fedora and CentOS Stream roadmaps.
Community leadership in open source projects. Red Hat advocates for customer and partner needs through leadership and major contributions to the open source community. Your subscription funds continuous support of upstream projects to advocate for your requirements so that they can be implemented as future product features in Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Red Hat also fosters innovation by sponsoring community projects like Fedora by enabling these communities to create, test, and integrate technologies in a community-led governance model that ensures we get feedback from everyone, not just Red Hat.
And finally, we have created projects like CentOS Stream to keep community-powered contributions coming to the product during its active life cycle. Partnership with hardware, software, and cloud providers. A subscription funds the resources needed to integrate Red Hat Enterprise Linux with our large certified hardware ecosystem, which provides a stable and high-performance platform for certified enterprise-software applications.
The subscription also funds the engineering necessary for Red Hat Enterprise Linux to run on and integrate with all major certified cloud providers.
These partnerships translate to early, ongoing, and intensive technical collaboration with Red Hat Enterprise Linux engineering teams, resulting in problems that are identified and fixed before the next Red Hat Enterprise Linux release. This allows your organization to standardize on Red Hat Enterprise Linux using the architecture and hardware of your choosing.
Your security needs. Red Hat is trusted by security standards groups and can be your advocate within community, government, and industry associations. Red Hat also partners with a variety of security teams from other organizations and can gain access to vulnerability information before it is public.
Red Hat ensures that security problems are quickly identified and that fixes are immediately created and promptly delivered to your organization. Finally, Red Hat Enterprise Linux also offers various security capabilities such as SELinux, Linux audit subsystem, and control groups offering organizations support for practical problems within the government sector and highly regulated industries.
Red Hat acts as a catalyst for these collaborations ensuring that diverse audiences connect with each other and solve common problems as a team. Support for the production environment Red Hat customers benefit from a collaborative support relationship with our seasoned domain experts.
Table 1. Service-level agreements for Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscriptions. Red Hat Enterprise Linux service levels View production support terms of service for more information. The situation halts your business operations, and no procedural workaround exists. The situation is causing a high impact to portions of your business operations, and no procedural workaround exists.
For production environments, there is a medium-to-low impact on your business, but your business continues to function, including by using a procedural workaround. For development environments, the situation is causing your project to no longer continue or migrate into production. For production environments, there is low-to-no impact on your business or the performance or functionality of your system.
For development environments, there is a medium-to-low impact on your business, but your business continues to function, including by using a procedural workaround.
Glossary Guest: An instance of the software running in a virtual machine, which in turn is running on a hypervisor. Socket-pair for each physical node or two virtual nodes As a Red Hat customer, you have the choice of deploying your Red Hat Enterprise Linux products on either a physical or virtual basis. Self-support subscriptions Do not include Red Hat customer support. Cannot be stacked with other subscriptions. Are not intended for production environments Virtual deployment subscriptions Red Hat also offers a subscription model that allows you to run an unlimited number of Red Hat Enterprise Linux virtual instances and is best for high-density virtual environments.
Stacking Stacking gives you the flexibility to aggregate Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscriptions to accommodate any size physical server. Subscription portability Subscription portability gives you another degree of flexibility. Assembling your subscription order The Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server subscription model is: Based on socket-pairs for each physical node or two virtual nodes. Usable in physical, virtual, or cloud deployments. Available with Standard or Premium support.
Are you purchasing subscriptions for a physical or a virtual environment? If the answer is a physical environment, go to step 2. If your answer is a virtual environment, go to step 3. Typical physical server configurations are 1-, 2-, 4-, and 8-socket systems.
How many systems do you have of each kind of socket configuration? Count the number of 1-socket systems you have. Each of these must be entitled with a socketpair subscription. This subscription type cannot be split across different physical systems.
For your multi-socket systems, add the total number of sockets and divide by 2. Add the result to the number of 1-socket systems. This total is the number of subscriptions you will purchase to entitle your physical servers. Proceed to step 4. How many virtual servers do you have? Divide the number of virtual instances by 2. This is the number of subscriptions you will purchase for the guests in your virtual environment.
Which Add-Ons do you want to include? Add-Ons follow the same socket-pair subscription model, and like the Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscriptions, can be migrated between physical and virtual systems. Which support service level does your deployment require—Standard or Premium? These worksheets present calculations for some simple deployment scenarios.
Sample worksheet 1: Provisioning physical layers. Counting method Systems Socket-pairs Subscriptions Number of 1-socket systems 10 10 10 1 per system Number of 2-socket systems 10 10 10 1 per socket-pair Number of 4-socket systems 2 4 4 1 per socket-pair Number of 8-socket systems 2 8 8 1 per socket-pair Number of subscriptions to purchase Counting method Number Number of guests 20 Divide number of guests by 2 for the number of subscriptions to purchase Sample worksheet 3: Setting up a virtual environment Red Hat will support up to four concurrently running guests with the virtualization capabilities based on the Kernel-based Virtual Machine hypervisor supplied with Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server.
Counting method for hypervisors Socket-pairs Subscriptions Number of 1-socket systems 10 10 1 per system Number of 2-socket systems 10 10 1 per socket-pair Number of 4-socket systems 2 4 1 per socket-pair Number of 8-socket systems 2 8 1 per socket-pair Number of subscriptions to purchase for hypervisors 32 Counting method for guests Number of guests 40 virtual instances Divide number of guests by 2 for the number of subscriptions to purchase 20 Total number of subscriptions to purchase Subscription scenarios and recommendations The subscription scenarios in this section expand on the previous worksheets by adding elements found in actual deployments like high-availability ones.
Physical production environment A physical production environment often has servers with 1, 2, 4, 8, or more sockets and typically includes Red Hat Add-Ons that enhance availability, performance, or scalability. Figure 1. Subscriptions for a physical, critical production environment. Sample worksheet 4: Setting up a physical, critical production environment. Virtual production environment A virtual environment includes virtual guests in addition to physical servers that host the hypervisors.
Figure 2. Virtual, critical production environment. Sample worksheet 5: Calculating subscriptions for guests. Counting method for guests Virtual instances Notes Number of guests Virtual instance-based packaging does not require counting physical systems or socket-pairs.
Divide number of guests by 2 for the number of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server subscriptions 58 These subscriptions can be repurposed as physical socketpair subscriptions.
Figure 3. Counting method for guests Virtual instances Notes Number of guests 20 Divide number of guests by 2 for the number of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server subscriptions 10 These subscriptions can be repurposed as physical socket-pair subscriptions. Number of subscriptions for the High Availability Add-On 10 All add-ons are available for virtual instances.
These subscriptions can be repurposed as physical socketpair subscriptions. Open hybrid cloud Red Hat defines an open hybrid cloud environment as one that includes a combination of physical, virtual, and private or public cloud deployments. Figure 4. Open hybrid cloud production environment. Sample worksheet 7: Calculating subscriptions for a private cloud. Counting method for physical machines Socket-pairs Notes Number of sockets Divide number of sockets by 2 for the number of subscriptions for Red Hat OpenStack Platform There are no 1-socket systems in this example.
Counting method for guests Virtual instances Number of guests in private cloud Unlimited The unlimited guests are included in the Red Hat OpenStack Platform subscription 0.
Counting method for public cloud Virtual Instances Notes Number of virtual instances 20 Divide the number of virtual instances by 2 for the number of subscriptions for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 10 These are the same type of subscription as the ones for the physical server. You choose whether you want to deploy it in a physical, virtual, or cloud environment.
Disaster recovery Disaster recovery is an important component of production environment design. Cold backups: The server has software installed and configured, but it is turned off until the disaster occurs or for periodic disaster recovery procedure tests. Development environment Red Hat Enterprise Linux offers several types of subscriptions to support development teams. Size of team For teams of 25 members or more, Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Support Professional includes developer support with a response time of 2 business days.
For teams of 25 members or more, Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Support Enterprise offers the highest level of developer support with a response time of 4 hours. For an individual contributor or teams of fewer than 25 members, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Workstation offers the same tools and products as the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Support subscription, but it can be purchased on an individual basis.
It does not include phone or web support from Red Hat. Professional support additionally includes unlimited web and phone requests during standard business hours with a response time of two business days. Enterprise support also includes unlimited web and phone requests during standard business hours, but with a response time of four hours. Table 2. Technical specifications for Workstation subscriptions.
Managing subscriptions To manage your Red Hat subscriptions and take full advantage of the services and tools offered, your systems must be registered using Red Hat Subscription Management or its command-line interface included in Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Red Hat offers services and tools to help you manage your Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscriptions, which include: Red Hat Customer Portal: Systems, whether physical or virtual, can be registered and connected with the Red Hat Customer Portal either direct or via a proxy.
You can obtain the latest versions of our software, query the Red Hat Knowledgebase, browse product documentation, and gain access to the latest bug fixes, security errata, and feature enhancements.
When you purchase a subscription to a product, Red Hat Subscription Management tracks which system s in your inventory are registered to the subscription. Registered systems are entitled to support services, as well as errata, patches and upgrades from Content Delivery Network CDN. It proactively analyzes the environment; identifies potential security, performance, availability, and stability risks; and includes remediation guidance.
System administrators simply enable an agent and then gain the benefit of daily reports about potential issues in these areas. Red Hat Insights provides system administrators with the information they need to help minimize downtime and other issues. Red Hat Satellite: Red Hat Satellite provides patch management, provisioning, configuration management, and capabilities to make Red Hat Enterprise Linux systems more secure, operate efficiently, and comply with legal as well as organizational standards.
Satellite also helps you manage your subscription inventory by providing fine-grained reporting on allocated and available subscriptions and their expiration dates. Renewing subscriptions Red Hat subscriptions are valid for a duration specified in the contract your organization signs with Red Hat.
Subscription terms This section summarizes some of the terms and conditions pertaining to Red Hat subscriptions described in Appendix 1 of the Red Hat Enterprise Agreement. System coverage Our agreement states that you must purchase subscriptions for every system and virtual instance in your organization where Red Hat Enterprise Linux is installed.
For example, if you have Red Hat Enterprise Linux installed on five development machines and ten 2-socket production systems, you must purchase enough subscriptions to cover these machines. If they are 2-socket machines, then you must purchase 5 developer subscriptions and 10 subscriptions to cover the production systems.
You may migrate a subscription from one system to another system with similar characteristics without purchasing additional subscriptions as long as the total number of subscriptions still matches the total number of installed systems.
You may migrate Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server and related add-on subscriptions back and forth from physical to virtual to cloud deployments without having to change subscription terms, purchase additional subscriptions, or notify Red Hat.
For example, if you have purchased a subscription for one socket-pair that you allocate to a physical machine, you can convert that socket-pair subscription to cover two virtual instances in a virtualized or cloud deployment.
And you can then convert a two-instance subscription back into a socket-pair allocation. You may not migrate non-Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server subscriptions off-site or to the cloud without obtaining written permission from Red Hat to do so. Support services levels When you purchase a Red Hat subscription, you choose a level of support service. Production support provides assistance with installation, application testing, usage, problem diagnosis, and bug fixes for software used for production purposes.
It does not include assistance with code development, system design, network design, architectural design, optimizations, tuning recommendations, development or implementation of security rules or policies, third-party software made available with Red Hat software, supplementary channels, and preview technologies. You may purchase subscriptions at different support levels. For example, you might purchase subscriptions for business impacting workloads with Premium support services and for less critical workloads with Standard support services.
When making decisions on support levels it is important to understand the impact of a system or systems being unavailable. For instance, a development server being unavailable may not affect customers immediately but it may still have a significant impact on business when the costs of idled developers and product delays are considered.
You cannot use your higher-level support services to obtain support for systems to which you have allocated lower-level support services. For example, you may not call for support for a system with Standard support and request Premium support based on a different subscription.
Developer support provides assistance with installation, usage, problem diagnosis, and bug fixes. It also includes advice on architecture, design, development, and prototyping of applications. It does not include assistance with software made available through supplementary channels and preview technologies. Proper use of subscriptions and services Evaluation versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux subscriptions may not be used beyond their term or for any purpose not explicitly defined in the evaluation terms and conditions.
Activate your subscriptions. Attach your subscriptions. Download your software. Activating subscriptions If you created a Red Hat account before ordering your subscriptions, you can skip this step—your software will have been delivered to your account, and you can begin the entitlement process. Attaching subscriptions The final step is to register systems and attach subscriptions. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation includes deployment tools to make provisioning and administration of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop more efficient and cost-effective, and it is optimized for high-performance activities such as graphics, animation, and scientific computing.
It is based on standard Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server components and uses standard installation and entitlement. To be eligible for HPC, the workload must be non-interactive and externally scheduled, usually bound by computational resources. Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Real Time Certain industries and organizations need extremely-highperformance computing and may require low and predictable latency, especially in the financial and telecommunications industries.
Latency, or response time, is defined as the time between an event and system response and is generally measured in microseconds s. Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Edge Red Hat Enterprise Linux for edge provides a consistent, flexible, and security-focused foundation that delivers customizable image generation, remote device update synchronization, and intelligent rollbacks that maximize the stability of application deployments and data processing at the edge.
This subscription is not available with Developer support services Professional and Enterprise or with Production support services Standard and Premium.
The contents of this subscription are for development purposes only and cannot be used in production environments. It also includes 25 Developer Suite subscriptions and an unlimited number of support incidents. Developers provide Red Hat with a single designated point of contact for support calls. Enterprise support is available for this subscription, which includes a four-hour response to incident reports. This subscription is for development purposes only.
Platform portfolio Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server is a versatile platform that can be deployed on physical systems, as a guest on the most widely available hypervisors, or in the cloud.
This subscription can be purchased on a socket-pair for use in a physical machine or instancepair basis for use in a virtual machine. The subscriptions can be stacked. For example, two subscriptions may be stacked to satisfy the subscription requirements on a single 4-socket physical server. Alternatively, two subscriptions may be stacked to satisfy four individual virtual machines. It is available only with self-support.
This subscription cannot be stacked. Red Hat Smart Management is the only add-on that can be purchased for this subscription. This subscription is not intended for production environments and is not eligible for Red Hat Software Collections. Due to the nature of this class of server, interested customers should consult with their Red Hat account team for specific guidance. This subscription follows the same model as standard Red Hat Enterprise Linux. This subscription does not include a physical entitlement for Red Hat Virtualization.
When pooling Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Virtual Datacenters, you must purchase uniform SLAs for all hosts in a cluster, and all hosts in a cluster must be accounted for with a subscription. You may subscribe to a subset of a virtualization cluster if and only if , your hypervisor allows the ability to restrict and enforce Red Hat Enterprise Linux workloads running only on that subset of the hypervisors in the cluster.
It supports up to 16 nodes and may be configured for most applications that use customizable agents, as well as for virtual guests. This subscription follows the same model as Red Hat Enterprise Linux. By providing consistent storage across a cluster of servers, it creates a pool of data available to each server in the group that is protected if any one server fails. It allows you to efficiently plan resource and deployment cycles based on internal requirements while maintaining system security.
Available during the extended life phase, ELS delivers certain critical-impact security fixes, selected urgent priority bug fixes, and troubleshooting for the last minor release of a given version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. You should plan to migrate off of a Red Hat Enterprise Linux major release by the end of the 10 years.
ELS provides a brief, additional migration period. It provides superior patch management, multisystem provisioning, configuration management, and fine-grained reporting capabilities, ensuring that systems have security and comply with various standards. Red Hat Smart Management Red Hat Smart Management is an infrastructure management solution designed to provision and maintain Red Hat Enterprise Linux infrastructure anywhere—physical, virtual, or cloud.
Smart Management automates repetitive life-cycle management tasks for Red Hat Enterprise Linux, keeping systems secure, available, and compliant while increasing efficiency and reducing total cost of ownership TCO.
The Smart Management subscription entitles the system to which it is applied to be managed by Red Hat Satellite and also entitles you to deploy up to 50 Satellite or Capsule servers inclusive of Red Hat Enterprise Linux for those servers. Web and phone. Severity 1 Urgent : A problem that severely impacts your use of the software in a production environment such as the loss of production data or production systems not functioning.
Severity 2 High : A problem in which the software is functioning but your use in a production environment is severely reduced. Severity 3 Medium : A problem that involves partial, non-critical loss of use of the software in a production environment or development environment. Severity 4 Low : A general usage question, reporting of a documentation error, or recommendation for a future product enhancement or modification. Divide number of guests by 2 for the number of subscriptions to purchase.
Number of subscriptions to purchase for hypervisors. Counting method for guests. Virtual instance-based packaging does not require counting physical systems or socket-pairs. These subscriptions can be repurposed as physical socket-pair subscriptions. All add-ons are available for virtual instances. Divide the number of virtual instances by 2 for the number of subscriptions for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server. These are the same type of subscription as the ones for the physical server.
Certain industries and organizations need extremely-highperformance computing and may require low and predictable latency, especially in the financial and telecommunications industries. Red Hat Enterprise Linux for edge provides a consistent, flexible, and security-focused foundation that delivers customizable image generation, remote device update synchronization, and intelligent rollbacks that maximize the stability of application deployments and data processing at the edge.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Developer Support and Professional includes a two-business-day response for developer-related incidents. Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server is a versatile platform that can be deployed on physical systems, as a guest on the most widely available hypervisors, or in the cloud.
This subscription is for deploying Red Hat Enterprise Linux on IBM Power Systems to scale out large amounts of data and cloud deployments, or adding lower-capacity servers to manage the cost of handling growing workloads as demand increases. The High Availability Add-On provides failover services between nodes within a cluster, making applications highly available. The Resilient Storage Add-On enables a clustered file system to access the same block storage device over a network.
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